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Ovarian Cyst Treatment- Is Surgery The Right Option?
Simple cysts, corpus luteum cyst, dermoid cyst, chocolate cyst, hemorrhagic cyst- ovarian cysts are of many kinds and not all need a surgery.
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Infact, ovarian cyst treatment primarily depends on three things.
- The type of cyst
- The size of cyst
- Patient’s age
This blog dissects each of the above factors to see if you need a surgery, other possible treatment options, modern surgical options, and cost.
Table of Contents
What Type of Ovarian Cyst Needs Surgery?
Ovarian cysts can largely be divided into two types- functional cysts, and pathological cysts.
- Functional Cysts (Follicular and Corpus Luteum Cyst)
As the name suggests, functional cysts get formed because of your ovary’s routine function of hormone production and ovulation. This is why, they are extremely common in reproductive ages, do not cause much symptoms and usually dissolve by themselves within 2-3 menstrual cycles.
Hence, in most cases they do not need ovarian cyst treatment.
However, at times, they can grow large and turn symptomatic. This is comparatively rare. But, even then, they are usually not a point of problem and can mostly be managed through medicines and lifestyle changes.
However, when the medicines turn ineffective, or the cyst grows abnormally large, the ovarian cyst surgery becomes the necessary (rare).
- Pathological Cysts (Dermoid Cyst, Chocolate Cyst, Hemorrhagic Cyst)
As the name suggests, no matter the size or type of pathological ovarian cyst, they are abnormal by their very nature. They are usually formed of oil, fat, hair, nails or menstrual blood particles. They cause extreme pain, can grow abnormally large, disrupt fertility and risk ovarian rupture.
Therefore, in most cases, they always need an ovarian cyst surgery.
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What Size of Ovarian Cyst Needs a Surgery?
Typically, simple ovarian cysts smaller than 4 cm or pathological ovarian cysts smaller than 2 cm do not need an urgent surgery. Mostly, doctors try to treat them through medicines.
However, when the ovarian cysts are larger, that is,
- Follicular cyst/ Corpus Luteum Cyst is larger than 4 cm, or
- Dermoid cyst/ Endometrioma Cyst (Chocolate cyst)/ Hemorrhagic Cyst is larger than 2 cm, an ovarian cyst surgery becomes a necessity.
Note, that the need for surgery is not only size based. Doctors evaluate this need on multiple factors such as the type of ovarian cyst, your age, exact symptoms, particular needs and the desire for further child birth.
Based on the total collective, your gynecologist suggests the corresponding treatment.
Is Patient’s Age a Factor in the Decision for Ovarian Cyst Surgery?
Yes. Age is an important factor in deciding the need for ovarian cyst surgery. This is primarily because of the probability of the ‘nature of cyst’.
Basically, a woman in her reproductive ages is most likely to form only follicular or corpus luteum cysts. Since, they form because of the normal functioning of the ovaries, they are usually unlikely to be cancerous.
Thereby, they either resolve on its own, or can be managed through medicines and lifestyle changes. However, yes, a pathological cyst, irrespective of age, would need a surgery at some point.
But, ovarian cyst when found in a post menopausal woman comparatively rise the risk of abnormalities. These is because the cyst is likely to be either pathological or cancerous. In either case, the need for surgery becomes absolute.
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Primary Ovarian Cyst Treatment Options
The primary treatment for ovarian cyst usually includes hormonal medicines, IUDs, and lifestyle changes. Here are the details for all three:
- Hormonal Contraceptives: Hormonal contraceptives are the oral contraceptives taken to stop ovulation. With a break in ovulation, the body gets its requisite time to heal and the chance of recurrence/ cyst’s growth limits itself.
- IUDs: Much similar to oral contraceptives, are Intra Uterine Devices (IUDs). These are hormonal devices placed directly in the woman’s uterus through her vaginal canal. They help create a hypoestrogen environment and hence control the ovulation and the impact of hormones.
As a result they help limit the growth and recurrence of ovarian cysts.
- Lifestyle Changes: Lifestyle changes for managing ovarian cysts are the changes targeted at managing the body’s BMI and mental health. This can be done by shifting to a more active and healthy lifestyle. Some standard practices include:
- Limiting the consumption of junk food, cigarettes, alcohol and recreational drugs.
- Switching to a healthier homemade food and eating it timely.
- Engaging in at-least 30 minutes of active lifestyle daily.
**However, note that while all of the above options are only management options to limit the pain, severity or recurrence. Neither of above can shrink an already existing ovarian cyst.**
Need for Ovarian Cyst Surgery (Ovarian Cystectomy)
As clear from above, an ovarian cystectomy becomes necessary only when:
- The size of an functional ovarian cyst becomes larger than 4 cm and causes severe symptoms and pain.
- The size of a pathological cyst becomes larger than 2 cm, causing extreme symptoms and pain.
- The tests record that you risk the chances of ovarian cancer.
Modern Surgical Options for Ovarian Cystectomy (Ovarian Cyst Removal)
Until recent past, the ovarian cyst surgery meant an open cut incision and cyst removal. However, the modern surgical options include- “Laparoscopic Ovarian Cystectomy”.
The laparoscopic ovarian cyst removal is an advanced minimally invasive surgery performed using a laparoscope. A laparoscope is a specialized medical instrument with a camera and light on its end. Through this, the surgeons are now able to remove the cyst through only tiny keyhole sized ports instead of the conventionally large incisions. As the camera and light provides better and magnified view of the internal organs, the surgery is more precise, minimally invasive, offers quicker recovery, and low surgery risks.
Procedure:
First, the surgeon creates a tiny hole (main port) on the diseased site. Through this, they inject CO2 gas into the patient’s abdominal wall to lift it above the intestine and create better visibility. If needed, 1-2 more small ports may be created to insert necessary surgical instruments. Thereafter, a small camera and light (laparoscope) are passed through the main port to provide maximum visibility and improve the preciseness of the operation. Monitoring the site through the digital screen, the surgeon removes the cyst through the main port and closes it through a stapler or 1-2 stitches. The other smaller ports heal naturally.
Mostly, the patient can go home the same day and substantial recovery can be expected within 2-3 days.
Cost of Ovarian Cyst Surgery
Ovarian cyst surgery in India typically costs an average of Rs. 60,000 to Rs. 1,00,000.
Depending on your type of ovarian cyst, the method of surgery, choice of hospital, doctor’s experience and more, the final price may slight vary a little.
To get a more exact price range/consult the best laparoscopic gynecologists in your city, please call us directly and our specialized medical coordinators can help you accordingly.
We, at Pristyn care are a multi-specialty and end-to-end health care provider. Currently, we have a team of specialized laparoscopic gynecologists and general surgeons in over 15+ cities in India, and are connected with over a 100+ hospitals pan India.
We use USFDA approved advanced laparoscopic tools and technology, and also provide Free Transportation and Insurance Assistance
In case you are considering an ovarian cyst surgery, note that we also provide Free Doctor Consultation and 30% Off on Diagnostics.
You can contact us directly by calling our number on the below right, or fill our ‘Book my Appointment’ form or the left, and we would be happy to call you back.
You can also read: Ovarian Cyst Removal Operation Cost In India
FAQs around Ovarian Cyst
Some of the common causes for ovarian cysts include-
- Hormonal problems
- Pregnancy
- Endometriosis
- Severe Pelvic Infection
- A previous ovarian cyst
Ovarian cysts are largely of two types- Functional and Pathological. Divided further, they include-
- Simple Follicular Cysts
- Corpus Luteum Cysts
- Dermoid Cyst
- Endometrioma Cyst (Chocolate Cyst)
- Hemorrhagic Cyst
While ideally, you should consult a gynecologist atleast twice a year yourself and take regular pelvic exams, a few symptoms when you must consult your doctor immediately include
- Pelvic pain
- Abdominal swelling
- Regular bloating
- Nausea and vomiting
- Increase in the urgency and frequency of urination
- Pain during bowel movement
- Sudden weight loss
- Irregular periods
- Pain during sex
- Difficulty getting pregnant
Ovarian cysts are largely resolved by two types of surgeries-
- Conventional open cut ovarian cystectomy
- Laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy
Yes. Ovarian cyst treatment falls under the list of ‘medically necessary’ surgeries. It is hence covered by most insurance providers in India.
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