Iodine is a key component in the synthesis of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4). When iodine levels are low, the thyroid gland enlarges in an attempt to capture more iodine, leading to the development of a goiter.
Hypothyroidism, caused by low iodine, can slow down the metabolic rate. A slower metabolism can lead to weight gain as the body is less efficient in burning calories for energy.
Thyroid hormones influence skin health. In hypothyroidism, the skin may become dry and flaky due to reduced sweating and oil production.
Hair growth is influenced by thyroid hormones. Low levels of these hormones can lead to hair loss or thinning.
Thyroid hormones also play a role in regulating the menstrual cycle. Low levels can lead to irregular periods or, in severe cases, amenorrhea (absence of menstruation).
Thyroid hormones are crucial for brain function. Inadequate levels can result in difficulties with concentration, memory, and cognitive function.