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A cataract develops when the lens in the eye, which is typically clear, becomes foggy, opaque, and dysfunctional. Once a cataract develops, there is no way to treat it other than surgical removal. Cataract surgery is a successful treatment that involves replacing the natural lens of the eye with an artificial lens. The problem of cataracts can eventually lead to vision loss, which cannot be treated with aids such as glasses, contact lenses, or even LASIK surgery.
A cataract does not develop suddenly but forms slowly and gradually start to interfere with the everyday life of the individual. A person may have cataracts in one or both eyes, but usually, cataracts in both eyes do not form at the same time. Cataracts are more common in older people than in younger ones.
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Common signs and symptoms of cataracts
Cataract usually does not develop suddenly. The person may notice some signs of cataracts in the initial stages, including-
- blurry or double vision in the affected eye
- bad vision at night
- seeing faded colors
- high sensitivity to glare
- seeing halos surrounding lights
- a need for frequent changes in eyeglasses
What are the common causes of cataracts?
There are various underlying causes of cataracts, including:
- smoking
- excessive exposure to the sun
- long-term use of steroids or other medications
- diseases, such as diabetes
- trauma
- overproduction of oxidants
- radiation therapy or cancer treatment
Who is at risk of developing cataracts?
Many factors can cause cataracts. But, there are also some factors that increase the risk of having cataracts. Such risk factors for cataracts include:
- aging
- smoking
- heavy alcohol consumption
- high blood pressure
- obesity
- previous eye injury
- family history of cataract
Also, Read- What Are The Reasons Of Cataract?
Which doctor should I see for cataracts?
An ophthalmologist is a doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment (medical and surgical) of various eye diseases. An ophthalmologist can diagnose and treat cataracts.
How can you prevent cataracts?
You cannot prevent cataracts; it is an outcome of normal aging. However, taking certain precautions and can help reduce the risk of developing cataracts. You can do the following to reduce your risk of developing cataracts-
- Shield your eyes from UV rays by wearing sunglasses when in direct sun exposure
- Take regular eye exams
- Quit smoking
- Switch to a healthy intake of fruits and vegetables that contain antioxidants
- Maintain a fit lifestyle with a healthy weight
- Check for diabetes and other medical conditions if you have a family medical history
You can also follow certain natural preventive measures to delay the progression of cataracts. These precautions don’t guarantee the prevention of cataracts but can help your overall eye health to a great extent.
Read More: Diabetes And Cataract — Know The Connection And Treatment
When should I see a doctor for cataracts?
Usually, signs of cataracts develop slowly. Due to this, many people ignore the symptoms or leave the condition untreated. But, this can increase the severity of the condition and cause blindness. Such warning signs of cataracts are likely to develop in both eyes. Some of those signs include:
- sensitivity to bright light
- trouble in daily activities like reading or writing
- blurry or double vision in the affected eye
- bad vision at night
- seeing faded colors
- high sensitivity to glare
- seeing halos surrounding lights
- a need for frequent changes in eyeglasses
- loss of color vision
If you notice any of the above-mentioned signs and symptoms of cataracts, consult the best eye doctor immediately. After doing a diagnosis and an eye test, the doctor can tell whether you have a cataract or not. In case you have a cataract, the doctor will suggest the best treatment option for you. (Also read: Types Of Cataract, Know When To See A Doctor)
