Total Thyroidectomy in Delhi | Thyroid Removal

Eligibility For Total Thyroidectomy

Total thyroidectomy, or complete thyroid removal surgery, is often the recommended option for certain thyroid conditions. Here is who might benefit from this surgery:

• Type of Thyroid Cancer: Patients diagnosed with specific types of thyroid cancer, like papillary, follicular, Hurthle cell, or medullary carcinoma, are potential candidates for total thyroidectomy.
• Tumour Size: If the size of a papillary or follicular tumour exceeds 2 cm, a total thyroidectomy procedure might be advised.
• Cancer Spread: When cancer extends beyond the thyroid gland or reaches lymph nodes, removing the entire thyroid is usually necessary.
• High-Risk Features: Features like capsular invasion or lymph node involvement indicate a higher risk, prompting total thyroidectomy as a treatment choice.
• Family History: A family history of medullary thyroid cancer, especially with genetic mutations, is an important factor.
• Radiation Exposure: Previous exposure to radiation can also make total thyroidectomy advisable.

Initial Examinations

Before proceeding with a total thyroidectomy in Delhi, doctors perform several tests to assess eligibility:

• Thyroid Ultrasound: This test checks the size of any nodules and looks for signs of cancer spread.
• Fine Needle Biopsy: Helps confirm the type and aggressiveness of the tumour.
• Vocal Cord Assessment: Checks for any issues with vocal cords that need attention.
• Blood Tests: These tests evaluate thyroid function and check for potential damage to parathyroid glands.

How is Total Thyroidectomy Performed?

A total thyroidectomy involves the removal of the entire thyroid gland and is typically performed under general anaesthesia. Below is an overview of what to expect during the procedure:

• Preparation: The patient is positioned comfortably on the operating table, and general anaesthesia is administered to ensure they are pain-free throughout the surgery.
• Incision: A small incision is made in the neck to access the thyroid gland.
• Gland Removal: The surgeon carefully removes the entire thyroid gland, taking care to preserve important structures such as nerves and the parathyroid glands nearby.
• Lymph Node Dissection: If necessary, lymph nodes in the neck may also be removed to assess whether cancer has spread.
• Closure: The incision is then closed using sutures or staples.
• Post-Operative Care: After the surgery, the patient is closely monitored for any complications, including bleeding or issues with the vocal cords.

How To Prepare For Total Thyroidectomy?

Preparing for this surgery involves several important steps:

• Pre-Operative Tests: Blood tests and imaging are conducted to assess thyroid function and evaluate the characteristics of any nodules.
• Medication Adjustments: You may need to discontinue certain medications, such as blood thinners, before the surgery.
• Fasting: You will be asked to fast for a specified period prior to the procedure.
• Vocal Cord Evaluation: Doctors will assess vocal cord function to ensure there are no existing issues before proceeding with the surgery.

Post-Procedure Care After Total Thyroidectomy

After undergoing total thyroidectomy surgery, recovery involves a few key steps. Here’s what you should keep in mind during thyroidectomy recovery:

• Rest and Recovery: Resting well aids healing after surgery.
• Pain Management: Pain medications prescribed by your doctor help manage discomfort effectively.
• Wound Care: Keep the incision site clean and follow any wound care instructions given by your doctor.
• Dietary Changes: A diet rich in calcium and vitamin D supports healthy parathyroid function post-surgery.
• Follow-Up Appointments: Regular check-ups ensure proper healing and adjustment of thyroid hormone replacement therapy.
• Hormone Replacement: Starting hormone replacement medication as directed by your doctor is essential post-surgery.
• Avoid Straining: Steer clear of heavy lifting or activities that might cause bleeding complications.