Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Surgery
The surgical treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome is known as carpal tunnel release. A carpal tunnel release surgery can be performed under two different techniques. Both aim at relieving the pressure on the median nerve by increasing the size of the carpal tunnel, by severing the ligament that forms the roof of the tunnel. The two techniques of carpal tunnel release surgery are:
- Open carpal tunnel release surgery: A small incision is made in the palm of your hand to view the inside of the wrist. During the procedure, your doctor will cut the transverse carpal ligament to increase the size of the tunnel and relieve the pressure on the median nerve.
- Endoscopic carpal tunnel release surgery: Endoscopic carpal tunnel release surgery involves a smaller insertion and uses a miniature camera to see the inside of the hand and wrist. A special instrument is used to sever a part of the carpal ligament which reduces the pressure on the median nerve.
Carpal Tunnel Surgery- Endoscopic vs Open Surgery
- Incision size- Size of open carpal tunnel surgery incision is usually 3 to 4 cm.
- Endoscopic carpal tunnel incision size is approximately 1 cm, which is much smaller.
- Blood loss- Due to the smaller incisions, there is minimal blood loss in case of endoscopic carpal tunnel surgery.
- Recovery Period- Recovery period after endoscopic carpal tunnel release is much smaller as compared to open surgery.
- Risks and complications- Risk of infection, complications, hand pain and scar tenderness is higher following an open surgery as compared to endoscopic surgery.
How is endoscopic carpal tunnel surgery performed?
Endoscopic carpal tunnel surgery is performed in the hospital under the influence of anesthesia. An endoscope is inserted through one incision. The endoscope has a camera on its end, which allows the doctor to look for any pathology or anomaly. The endoscope presents an image on the television screen that allows the surgeon to see the inside of the hand or wrist directly.
The orthopedic surgeon may insert surgical instruments through the second incision to cut the transverse carpal ligament and thus releasing the pressure on the median nerve by expanding the carpal tunnel. After the ligament is cut, the incisions are closed by dissolvable sutures. Endoscopic carpal tunnel release surgery is much less traumatic to the joint, muscles ligaments, and tissues than the conventional carpal tunnel surgery that is performed with long incisions.