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Did not find what you were looking for?

Proctology

PILES

What are the Grades of Piles or Hemorrhoids?

  • Grade I- Small inflammations inside the anal lining which are not visible to the eyes.
  • Grade III- Also known as prolapsed piles as the veins hang out of the anus. These can be re-inserted manually.
  • Grade IV- These are large inflammations that remain hanging out of the anus and require surgery as treatment.
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Is there any specific instructions I should follow if I have been diagnosed with Piles/Hemorrhoids?

  • Drink lots of fluids including juices
  • Eat a fiber-rich diet as this helps to soften the stools
  • Walk every day or indulge in any kind of physical activity on a daily basis
  • Maintain a regular and smooth bowel movement.
  • Consult the doctor immediately
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ANAL FISTULA

What to do after the procedure?

  • Do not apply anything on the anus before the laser treatment
  • Avoid sexual intercourse for at least 3 days
  • Good hygiene level need to be maintained to avoid infection
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How many sessions does it take to achieve desired results?

On an average it takes 5 sessions with 20-21 days gap to achieve desired and long lasting results. You can see the difference after one session itself .But the final number of session required can only be confirmed by the doctor after physical examination.

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FISSURE

What is Chronic Anal Fissure?

Chronic Anal Fissure is frequent in nature and may take time to heal. Chronic Fissure is associated with the external lump which is called skin tag or sentinel piles.

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PILONIDAL SINUS

Can a pilonidal sinus or cyst heal on its own?

The condition, pilonidal sinus or cyst, is a space under the skin that forms in place of an abscess after the clean-up. In some cases, it may heal and close by itself. However, more often than not, the sinus has to be cut out.

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How to Prevent Pilonidal Sinus?

It can be prevented by following certain hygienic rules. One should keep the buttock area clean. People suffering from obesity should also try to choose the ways to reduce weight or extra fat. Do not sit for long hours. People who have suffered from the Pilonidal Sinus in the past are also required to clean the area on a regular basis. Timely consultation with the nearby Doctors or Pilonidal Experts may be taken to avoid the chances of Pilonidal Cyst or Sinus.

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FECAL INCONTINENCE

What are the home remedies for Fecal Incontinence?

Some of the home remedies include :

  • Kegel Exercises which includes strengthening the pelvic floor muscle, bladder, bladder bowel, and uterus. it will help to hold the fecal for a long time.
  • Keep the skin dry as possible to avoid irritation and itching.
  • Apply cream to retain the moisture and apply powder to keep the skin smooth. Do not let the place wet. Wash the area with fresh water, but do not rub.
  • Use toilet paper to keep it dry. try to wear cotton underwear as it will help to absorb sweat.
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What are the types of Fecal Incontinence?

  • Urge Fecal Incontinence:-This condition is referred to when people want to clear the stomach, but are unable to hold till they reach the toilet.
  • Passive Fecal Incontinence:-This happens when people don’t feel the urge to pass stools as they are unable to consciously control the bowel movements.
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CHRONIC CONSTIPATION

What are the possible causes of blockages in Colon or Rectum?

The possible causes are Anal Fissure, Bowel Obstruction, Colon Cancer, Narrowing of colon or bowel stricture, abdominal cancer, rectal cancer, rectum bulge through the back wall of the vagina.

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What Neurological problems can lead to Chronic constipation?

Chronic constipation is common among people suffering from nerve damage due to any health conditions or any injury to the nerve system such as autonomic neuropathy, Multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, Spinal cord injury, Stroke etc.

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How Pelvic Muscle Dyssynergia can cause chronic constipation?

When pelvic muscles weaken or don’t relax during a bowel movement (anismus) or don’t coordinate relaxation and contradiction (dyssynergia), it leads to problems in passing stools thereby, leading to chronic constipation.

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How Hormonal Imbalances affect constipation?

People suffering from conditions such as diabetes, Overactive Parathyroid Gland (hyperparathyroidism), Pregnancy, Underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism) etc. are more likely to suffer from constipation. The reason being these conditions change the hormonal balance in the body.

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VARICOSE VEINS

What are spider veins?

Spider veins, or thread veins, are smaller than varicose veins. They are usually red. They may look like tree branches or spider webs. Spider veins can usually be seen under the skin, but they do not make the skin bulge out like varicose veins do. Spider veins are usually found on the legs or the face.

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What are the types of veins?

There are two main systems of veins in the legs:

  • Deep veins: The leg muscles squeeze the deep veins during walking, carrying most of the blood back up the legs to the heart
  • Superficial veins: These occur under the skin which are less important and can form varicose veins
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Will I get varicose veins during pregnancy?

Maybe. During pregnancy, you have more blood pumping through your body to support your unborn baby. The extra blood can cause your veins to get larger. Your growing uterus (womb) also puts pressure on the veins. Varicose veins may appear around the vagina and buttocks.

For some women, varicose veins shrink or disappear after childbirth. For others, varicose veins stay after childbirth, and symptoms continue to get worse. Women may also get more varicose veins or spider veins with each additional pregnancy.

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How do compression stockings help treat varicose veins and spider veins?

Compression stockings put pressure on your veins, which increases blood flow from your legs. There are three kinds of compression stockings:

  • Support pantyhose, which give the least amount of pressure. These are sold in most stores.
  • Over-the-counter gradient compression hose, which give a little more pressure around the foot, ankle, and lower leg, where pressure is needed most to move the blood back toward your heart. These are sold in medical supply stores and some drugstores.
  • Prescription-strength gradient compression hose, which offer the greatest amount of pressure to the feet, ankles, and lower legs. You may need a prescription from your doctor to buy them. Make sure you get help from someone who has already used these stockings. These hose are sold in medical supply stores and some drugstores.

Some stronger compression stockings can hurt people with certain medical conditions, such as certain types of heart disease or heart failure. Ask your doctor or nurse if it’s safe for you to use prescription-strength compression stockings or what strength would be safe for you.

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Laparoscopy

HERNIA SURGERY

What is the recovery period after Hernia Surgery?

After a Laparoscopic Hernia surgery, a patients takes almost 2 weeks to fully recover.

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What is an inguinal hernia?

An inguinal hernia occurs when the small intestine bulges through a weak spot in the lower abdominal wall that results in a swelling near the groin.

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GALLSTONES SURGERY

What is bile?

Bile is a dark green to yellowish brown fluid produced by the liver that aids in the digestion of lipids in the small intestine. It is mostly made of cholesterol, bile salts, and bilirubin.Bile gets stored in the gallbladder.

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What are the Common Types of Gallstones?

  • Cholesterol Stones: These are stones which are yellow-green in color and develops due to the high level of cholesterol. Normally, your bile contains enough chemicals to dissolve the cholesterol excreted by your liver. But if your liver excretes more cholesterol than your bile can dissolve, the excess cholesterol may form into crystals and eventually into stones.
  • Pigment Stones: These are stones which are dark in color and develops due to excessive bilirubin. Bilirubin is a chemical that’s produced when your body breaks down red blood cells. Certain conditions cause your liver to make too much bilirubin, including liver cirrhosis, biliary tract infections and certain blood disorders.
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APPENDICITIS SURGERY

What should I do if I experience symptoms of appendix?

If you have symptoms of appendicitis, do not take enemas or laxatives to relieve constipation. Also, avoid taking pain-relief medicines before seeing your doctor, because these medications can mask appendicitis symptoms and make diagnosis difficult.

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Why do the appendix bursts?

Sometimes a pus-filled abscess (infection that is walled off from the rest of the body) forms outside the inflamed appendix. Scar tissue then ‘walls off’ the appendix from the rest of the abdomen, preventing infection from spreading. An abscessed appendix can perforate or explode and cause peritonitis.

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WEIGHT LOSS SURGERY

How do BMI define obesity?

  • BMI of 18.5-24.9 is considered normal weight
  • BMI of 25.0-29.9 is considered overweight
  • BMI of 30.0-39.9 is considered obese
  • BMI of 40.0 or higher is considered severely (or morbidly) obese
  • BMI of 35.0 or higher in the presence of at least one other significant illness
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What is Central obesity?

Central obesity, also called as “Apple-shaped” or “masculine” obesity, occurs when fat deposits around the abdomen. It is associated with higher morbidity than peripheral obesity leading to cardiovascular disease and may develop metabolic syndrome & diabetes. Central Obesity may also result in increased blood sugars, cholesterol increased insulin secretion, hypertension & atherosclerosis.

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ANTI REFLUX (GERD) SURGERY

What kind of respiratory problems can arise from GERD?

While breathing stomach acid may enter into your lungs which may cause throat & lungs irritation and may create respiratory problems such as Asthma, Chest Congestion, Sore throat, Dry & Long lasting cough, hoarseness (partial loss of voice), laryngitis (swelling in voice box), pneumonia (infection in lungs), wheezing (sharp whistling while breathing)

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What kind of medications can treat GERD?

Doctors may suggest a combination of GERD medicines to control your symptoms like antacids to relieve heartburn and other mild GER and GERD symptoms or H2 blockers which decreases acid production and heal the esophagus.

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SMALL INTESTINE SURGERY

What is Small Intestine?

The small intestine is regarded as a long tube in the digestive system that absorbs 90% of the nutrients from the food we eat. The small intestine is a region of the alimentary canal that consists of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum.

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What is Intestinal Obstruction?

Its a complication of Chron’s disease in which wall of the intestine thickens and intestine gets blocked. A partial or complete intestinal obstruction is also called a bowel blockage, as it can block the movement of food or stool through your intestines.

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LARGE INTESTINE SURGERY

What are the effects of surgical treatments?

Effect of surgery are:

  • Bowel movements may be watery and more frequent
  • People may have fecal incontinence- an accidental passing of stools or mucus from the rectum.
  • Women may get infertile after the surgery
  • Pouchitis may get developed which causes irritation and inflammation of the lining of the ileoanal reservoir. Medications and antibiotics are given to treat pouchitis
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What is Acute bowel obstruction?

This referes to blockage of the small & large intestine.It can be diagnosed through a physical exam, complete blood count (CBC), electrolyte panel or urinalysis.</p.

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ACHALASIA CARDIA

What is Esophagus?

The Esophagus is the muscular tube which helps pass food and liquid to stomach from the throat. As we know, the wall of the esophagus is made up of several layers of tissue, mucous membrane, muscle, and connective tissue.

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What is Barium Swallow?

It is a type of diagnostic test. In Barium Swallow, a patient is asked to swallow or drink the liquid which is called barium which may create a coating of esophagus and stomach. This helps to get images inside the esophagus. This procedure is also called an upper GI series. In people who have achalasia, the X-rays reveal a dilated (enlarged) esophagus and a narrowing of the lower end so that it resembles a birds beak.

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What is Esophagoscopy?

In this, a thin tube-like tool with lens and light which is called esophagoscope is inserted through the mouth down the throat into the esophagus. It may also have a tool to remove tissue samples, which are checked under a microscope for signs of cancer.

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How is Esophageal Manometry performed?

In this, a thin tube is inserted into the esophagus which is connected to a pressure recorder and it measures the muscle contractions of the esophagus when the patients swallow.

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Gynaecology

VAGINAL TIGHTENING

What to do after the procedure?

  • Do not apply anything on the vagina
  • Avoid sexual intercourse for at least 3 days
  • Good hygiene level need to be maintained to avoid infection
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Who Can Avail the Laser Vaginal Tightening Treatments?

  • Women who have just delivered a baby through normal delivery
  • Women who are sporty and may have the complaints of lax vaginal walls
  • Women who are willing to beautify the vaginal appearance
  • Women who are looking for an effective way to improve their sexual life and to have the sexual pleasure.
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VAGINAL REJUVENATION

How long do the effects of Vaginal Rejuvenation last?

The results of vaginal rejuvenation through laser treatment lasts for almost 4-5 years.

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What do patients experience during treatment?

Patients may experience a slight pressure against the vaginal wall and increased sensitivity near the vaginal opening.

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VAGINAL BLEACHING

What to do after the procedure?

  • Women are asked to apply anti-bacterial lotion before the surgery to protect from the vaginal infection
  • Wearing loose garments are advisable
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How many sessions does it take to achieve desired results?

On an average it takes 5 sessions with 20-21 days gap to achieve desired and long lasting results. You can see the difference after one session itself .But the final number of session required can only be confirmed by the doctor after physical examination.

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POST PREGNANCY STRETCH MARKS REMOVAL

How Pregnancy can lead to stretch marks?

This is the most common reason for Stretch marks on the abdomen, among women, Carrying a baby in the womb will lead to a stretch of the middle layer of the skin causing pinkish and whitish skin. Stretching may also involve some itching or discomfort as well.

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How hormones can create stretch marks?

Abnormal hormone activity may lead to stretch marks. Increase in cortisone and hormone produced by adrenal glands will also lead to the weakening of the elasticity of skin fibers.

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ANAL BLEACHING

What to do after the procedure?

  • Do not apply anything on the anus before the laser treatment
  • Avoid sexual intercourse for at least 3 days
  • Good hygiene level need to be maintained to avoid infection
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How many sessions does it take to achieve desired results?

Generally it takes 5 sessions with a gap of 20-21 days to achieve desired and long lasting results. You can see the difference after the first session itself .But the final number of session required can only be confirmed after physical examination by the doctor.

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G-SPOT & O-SHOT

What is used as Fillers?

Collagen or Juvederm are used as fillers as they rarely cause any allergic reactions. These are safe and bring predictable results.

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Does G-Sport procedure Hurts?

No, it is the complete painless procedure and sex can be resumed the same day with no limitations and no downtime. Apart from this,it is completely safe with no side-effects.

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What is the duration of the O-shot procedure?

It hardly takes an hour to perform this cosmetic surgery. One needs to take the prior appointment with the doctor and to clarify all your doubts.

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What to expect after the procedure?

Women may feel a high level of satisfaction and arousal while having intercourse. The internal sensitivity will help to reach the orgasm sooner. The effect will last for several months. Your partner will not see any physical difference, but he may find the orgasm fulfilling & increased pleasure.

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How long the effect of G-Spot Lasts?

It varies and depends on the fillers used. As per some of the studies, it may last for 15-18 months following the PRP injections.

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When Should I Go for the next G-Spot Augmentation Procedure?

After 18 months you can go for another session. It will take less time as the previous one as the doctor will be having the complete information about the G-Spot.

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How to find G-Spot ?

Usually, G-Spot is found inside the top wall of the vagina. Normally women are not aware of the G-Spot. To find the G-Spot, women are advised to put one hand over the bladder and insert two fingers of the other hand inside the vagina touching the top part. The top part will be bumpier than the rest of smooth vagina lining. While pressing one may feel the Sensitivity. Many women may find it difficult due to its size, dimension and location.

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Can this procedure be combined with Vaginoplasty?

Yes, you may. One need not go for any prior exams or preparation.

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Does G-Spot Affect the Tampons or Periods?

You can use the tampons and sanitary pads as before. It will never affect the periods or menstruation cycle.

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LICHEN SCLEROSUS

Is Lichen Sclerosus contagious?

Lichen Sclerosus is not contagious and can not be spread through sexual intercourse

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What are the complications of this disease?

Lichen Sclerosus can lead to skin cracks and bleeding. Further, it may also lead to vaginal tightening making intercourse painful and difficult

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VAGINOPLASTY

What is this treatment?

According to Gynecologists, this surgery enables both the sex- men and women- to improve sensitivity or sexual response. This surgery separates the muscles back together, thereby tightening the vaginal muscles that have become loose due to vaginal or natural childbirth and or simply due to aging. The additional mucosa skin is removed from behind the vagina. This surgery is performed to remove growths such as cancer and abscesses. In this surgery, the surgeon can alter the size of the vaginal entry point and also enhance the vulva’s appearance.

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How is the treatment done?

Before undergoing treatment, a full physical examination will be carried out by the doctor to check your health condition and a patient will be also given counseling regarding the possible risks and complications. The ideal candidate for the treatment will be asked to quit smoking in a month before the scheduled surgery date because smoking reduces oxygenation and it hampers the blood flow leading to a loss. The surgery cannot be performed at the time a woman is having her periods. It has to be scheduled in a way that it takes place at the end of the menstrual cycle. If the surgery is scheduled right after the end of periods then operated area will heal in time and will not cause discomfort during your next cycle.

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What are the post-treatment guidelines?

The post-treatment guidelines are given to the candidate to speed up the process of healing. Under the guidelines, a patient is advised not to lift heavy objects as it can put a strain on the site of surgery. It is advised to not take a bath in the swimming pool or hot tub during the healing period. One can go back to normal activities including sexual intercourse activities after six weeks time. It is important to ensure the condition and medication that one must take by visiting the doctor after recovery period i.e. six weeks time.

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How long does it take to recover?

Generally, there can be swelling, some bruising after the surgery which should go away in a week or two. After a couple of days you will be able to walk comfortably.

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CLITORAL HOODOPLASTY

Why do I need a Clitoral Hoodoplasty?

Clitoral Hood reduction surgery will not lead you to embarrassment while having intimate moments as it will also help to increase the sensitivity while having intercourse.

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VAGINAL DRYNESS

How is the laser treatment used to cure vaginal dryness?

Women may require up to 3 sessions with an interval of 4-6 weeks to see positive results. As the collagen breaks down over time, an annual session may help prevent vaginal dryness problems.

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What kind of follow up care would I need?

After the surgery, you need to meet your doctor once a year for check up. Most women show significant improvement in vaginal health after surgery, so no followup are needed.

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SUI/URINARY PROBLEMS TREATMENT

What is the Exact Process of Laser Treatment for SUI?

A patient may get the after the first session itself. Although,for better results, they may have to undergo for 3 sessions. The number of sessions also depend upon the severity of the disease. Women suffering from severe level of SUI or Stress urinary incontinence, may require up to 6 sessions.

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What are the types of Urinary incontinence?

  • Urge Incontinence: The sudden need of urinating is called urge Incontinence or urgency urine Incontinence which is so high that the women became unable to reach the toilet. The causes responsible for the urge Nocturnal Enuresis are
  • Bladder Dysfunction: Which includes the issues related to the overactive bladder, bladder stones, bladder cancer or dysfunction.
  • Neurological factors: stroke, tumor, spinal cord injury.
  • Stress Incontinence: Here the stress is referred to physical stress which puts pressure on the bladder. The factors responsible are coughing, sneezing, exercising, lifting excess weight, menopause, pregnancy or childbirth. The factors may lead to losing the support of urethra which does not get closed during pressure and urine leaks as a result.
  • Overflow Incontinence: This is the stage when the women just urinated, still have the feeling to urinate again. It is the situation when the bladder does not get empty completely. It may include content or frequent dribbling of urine. It may happen to the women who are having nerve damage, urethra problem, diabetes, damaged bladder, multiple sclerosis.
  • Functional Incontinence: The problem is found in the aged women when the mind is not able to respond to the other human body part. The stage is called mental or physical impairment.
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PELVIC PAIN TREATMENT

What are the lifestyle remedies for Pelvic pain?

Lifestyle remedies may involve relaxation techniques to keep the pelvic muscle healthy and some exercise will help you to reduce stress level. Women facing problems while sleeping, sitting or standing may be asked to follow some techniques to relieve pain.

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What is Endometriosis?

Endometriosis: one of the most common cause of pelvic pain. In this, tissue from the lining of your womb (uterus) will grow outside the uterus. At the time of menstrual cycle – thickening, breaking down of endometrium and bleeding each month happens as your hormone levels rise and fall. But it also happens outside the womb which lead to the cyst and fibrous bands of scar tissue formation which causes abdominal pain.

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HYMENOPLASTY

What is a Hymen?

Before discussing hymenoplasty, let’s understand what is a hymen.A hymen is a thin membrane of pinkish color that partially covers the vaginal entrance. It is located just inside the vagina approximately half an inch inside. Actually, it is a part of the vulva which is the gateway to vagina. The function of the hymen is not exactly known but has been projected as a vaginal barrier against external sources of infection until puberty. Rupture of the hymen generally happens during the first sexual experience. However, the hymen may be torn because of strenuous activities like bicycling, horseback riding and gymnastics. Use of tampons can also rupture a hymen early. Some women are even born without a trace of a hymen.

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HYSTERECTOMY

Is the procedure safe?

Hysterectomy is a completely safe surgery. It is performed by our experienced gynecologists. The doctors also have an understanding of the pelvic floor to tackle complications and overcome difficult situations.

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Is hysterectomy always necessary?

Hysterectomy is not necessary for everyone. It is analyzed by the gynecologist whether the woman actually requires the surgical operation of Hysterectomy or not. Sometimes it’s a decision of the patient itself due to the fear of developing serious diseases like cancer. Diverse precautions are taken by the doctor to avoid the surgery by using different alternative methods or small corrective operative procedures.

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Is the surgery performed for cancer conditions the same?

This surgery is also performed for cancer conditions. It is a radical procedure and it is performed for non-cancerous conditions as well.

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