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Arthritis, joint pain and other disorders related to the musculoskeletal system can greatly impact a patient’s mobility and quality of life. If you are suffering from arthritis or have been suggested for joint replacement surgery, book your free consultation with our orthopedic doctor near you.
Arthritis, joint pain and other disorders related to the musculoskeletal system can ... Read More
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Orthopedics is the medical field that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of the musculoskeletal system. The skeletal system includes the joints, bones, muscles, and the associated ligaments, tendons, and cartilage.Â
Orthopedic doctors and surgeons can accurately diagnose your condition and come up with a suitable treatment plan that will provide relief from the pain and other associated symptoms and improve your quality of life.Â
There are a variety of orthopedic surgeries that are performed for various orthopedic conditions. Some of the most common orthopedic procedures are described below.
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Joint replacement surgery is performed for patients with severely damaged or degenerated points. Such patients are often bedridden and get a new lease on life, thanks to the procedure. The surgeon removes the damaged parts of the joint and replaces them with an artificial prosthetic joint.
The prosthetic or implant is usually made of a metal alloy, ceramic, specialized plastic, or a combination of the same. Its shape, size, and design vary on the type of surgery, the extent of joint degeneration, etc.Â
The most common indication for joint replacement surgery is arthritic pain and degeneration in a joint. It is the best long-term treatment for the same and provides patients unable to do their everyday tasks a new lease on life.
It is generally performed in weight-bearing joints, with knee and hip joints being the most common. In addition, some less commonly performed joints for which joint replacement is performed are the ankle, wrist, shoulder, and elbow joints.
Arthroscopy is a minimally invasive orthopedic surgery performed for the diagnosis and treatment of joint issues. It is generally performed when the surgeon wants to inspect the insides of a joint without damaging the tissues surrounding it.Â
The procedure is generally performed by inserting a scope and surgical instruments through tiny incisions. The scope is a narrow tube with a fiber-optic video camera attached to it. The video captured through the camera is transmitted to a high-definition monitor for diagnosis and treatment.
It is usually performed for weight-bearing joints like the knee, shoulder, elbow, ankle, hip, and wrist joints. For diagnosis, it is usually reserved as the last option if the imaging tests are not clear and the surgeon is not able to determine the cause even after a thorough conservative examination. On the other hand, it is the most preferred surgical approach as it provides quicker recovery with minimal complications.
Ligaments are some of the most important supporting structures for the knee joint. They help limit the movement of the knee joint and stabilize its motion. The most important ligaments in the knee joint – the PCL, ACL, MCL, LCL, i.e., posterior, anterior, medial, and lateral cruciate ligaments, are very prone to injury due to awkward falls, sports, overuse of the joint, etc.
Mild tears in these ligaments heal on their own, but for moderate to severe tears, surgery is necessary. If a ligament is fully torn, it will not repair itself, despite maximum conservative management, and thus needs to be replaced with a tendon graft.
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Chondroplasty is the surgical reconstruction, i.e., repair and reshaping of cartilage tissues. Normally, cartilage tissues have a very poor blood supply and do not heal themselves from trauma. It is usually recommended if the patient has moderate cartilage wear or injury that can be repaired via augmentation. However, for severe cases, chondroplasty can be ineffective. It is mostly performed for knee cartilage tissues, like the meniscus.Â
Tendons attach muscle fibers to the bone and are very important for musculoskeletal movements. Tendon tear or rupture can occur across the body in various tissues like the Achilles tendon, quadriceps, rotator cuff, biceps, etc., due to trauma, aging, overuse, etc.
If not managed properly, a ruptured tendon will not heal on its own and will necessitate surgery. Tendon transfer surgery is the most common management for torn tendons. Tendons can either be repaired via sutures or anchors, or they can be replaced with tendons from another muscle.
Spine surgery is a surgical procedure that is performed to relieve a person from pain because of spinal problems. It helps in stabilizing spinal joints and vertebral bones caused due to herniated discs, spinal abnormalities, bone spurs, spine injuries, spinal tumors, and other spinal column abnormalities.Â
Spine surgery can be performed as Open Spine Surgery, Endoscopic Spine Surgery (ESS), Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery (MISS), and Arthroscopic Spine Surgery. The minimally invasive advanced techniques for spine surgery do not really affect the nearby muscles and tissues of the spine. Therefore, the pain and recovery duration is lesser compared to traditional spine surgery.Â
Hand and wrist surgery is a subspecialty under orthopedic surgery. Most patients with hand arthritis or other wrist issues do not need surgery. However, in rare cases, surgery is necessary. The most common hand and wrist procedures are carpal tunnel release, trigger finger release, Dupuytren’s contracture fasciectomy, tendon repair, ganglion removal, Knuckle (MCP joint) replacement, Trapeziectomy (removal of the trapezium), Wrist fusion, etc.
Foot & Ankle surgery is a subspecialty within the fields of orthopedics and podiatry. It includes a variety of procedures for the treatment of foot issues like bunions, tendon tears, arthritis, etc. Depending on the severity of the symptoms and conditions, surgery can be performed to fuse painful joints, repair/realign broken bones, remove overgrown tissues, etc. In case of severe arthritic pain, ankle replacement surgery may also be indicated.
Sports medicine is a sub-branch of orthopedic medicine that deals with the promotion of physical fitness and the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of sports injuries. The most common sports injuries are rotator cuff injuries, stress fractures, growth plate fractures, sprains, strains, tendinitis, bursitis, joint dislocation, tennis elbow, golfer’s elbow, runner’s knee, groin pull, shin splints, etc.
Orthopedic trauma means an injury to the musculoskeletal system. It can occur as a result of a fall, vehicular accident, physical altercation, etc. Orthopedic traumas like simple fractures, concussions, joint dislocations, etc., are usually managed conservatively. However, complex fractures and severe wounds need surgical intervention, like ORIF (open reduction internal fixation) surgery.
Orthopedic oncology involves the diagnosis and treatment of malignant orthopedic cancers in the musculoskeletal system. These cancers can be primary bone cancers, soft tissue sarcoma, metastatic cancers from other parts of the body, or cancers that occur as a side-effect of other treatments.
