Cystoscopy - Procedure, Benefits and Risks and Complications

Bladder conditions can affect anyone at any given time. Cystoscopy is a reliable diagnostic procedure that helps diagnose different conditions concerning the bladder and urethra. At Pristyn Care, we use modern cystoscopy to look for bladder conditions and offer the best treatment based on the investigation. Book your appointment with our urologists now.

Bladder conditions can affect anyone at any given time. Cystoscopy is a reliable ... Read More

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What is a cystoscopy?

Cystoscopy is a diagnostic procedure which allows doctors to get an inside view of the bladder and urethra and detect various bladder conditions. This test is performed with the help of a cystoscope, which is passed through the urethra into the bladder. A cystoscope is a viewing scope (camera) which produces images of the internal structures. A cystoscopy can reveal various bladder conditions, including cancer, stones, blockages, enlarged prostate gland, non-malignant growths, issues with the ureters, etc.

Type of cystoscopy

Flexible Cystoscopy: Doctors insert a pencil-thin and flexible cystoscope to perform the procedure, and the patient remains awake during the procedure.
Rigid Cystoscopy: A wider and rigid cystoscope is used to carry out the procedure. The patient is sedated during the procedure. This method is generally used when the test is coupled with treatment for a bladder condition.

In some cases, doctors perform surgeries guided by cystoscopes. Small instruments are passed through the urethra with the cystoscope to carry out the procedures.

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Pristyn Care- Best Healthcare Centre For Cystoscopy

At Pristyn Care, we perform advanced cystoscopy to detect different bladder conditions. This diagnostic procedure is performed at our clinics and associated hospitals that boast the most advanced infrastructure. The facilities are equipped with cutting-edge technology to allow doctors to perform this diagnostic procedure using the most advanced methods. We constantly upgrade our diagnostic facilities to get precise results.

Our urologists have extensive experience in diagnosing different bladder conditions with cystoscopy. They perform this diagnostic procedure with precision and plan the best treatment for the patient based on the results of the test. Book your FREE consultation with our experienced urologists today.

How Is Cystoscopy Performed?

A cystoscopy is generally performed in the following steps:

The doctor asks the patient to empty the bladder completely, change into a surgical gown and lie down on the treatment table. Then, the patient is given an antibiotic which helps prevent a bladder infection during or after the procedure.
Then, the doctor administers local anaesthesia in case of flexible cystoscopy, and general or spinal anaesthesia in case of rigid cystoscopy, to the patient. Anaesthesia is necessary as the procedure can otherwise be slightly discomforting for the patient.
A flexible scope may be used if the procedure is performed for diagnostics purposes. In the case of biopsies or surgical procedures, a rigid scope is used, which is slightly bigger and allows surgical instruments to pass through it.
Next, the doctor passes a sterile fluid through the cystoscope into the bladder, filling it up and stretching it, and allowing doctors to see the lining clearly.
Depending upon the type of cystoscopy method being performed, the doctor looks into the uterus to detect the condition or uses surgical tools to take samples for biopsy.
Finally, the injected fluid is drained, or the patient is asked to empty the bladder in the restroom.

How To Prepare For Cystoscopy?

Based on the reason for the cystoscopy, the urologist will decide whether you’ll require a hospital stay or not. In general, this procedure is performed on an outpatient basis i.e., you can go back home the same day. Here are some ways in which you can prepare for this procedure:

The procedure is generally performed under anaesthesia. Therefore, make sure you get someone with you to drive you back home.
Do not eat or drink anything for 8 hours before anaesthesia administration.
Stop consuming blood-thinning medicines such as warfarin, and aspirin. (Do this only on your doctor’s advice).
Talk to your doctor about the medicines you’re taking, your medical history, symptoms, etc. Also, if you’re pregnant, make sure your doctor knows of it.
Urinate right before the procedure.
If you have symptoms of UTI, discuss it with your doctor. They will cure the UTI before performing this test.

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Recovering after a cystoscopy

The recovery after cystoscopy depends upon the type of procedure performed- rigid or flexible, and the type of anaesthesia used- spinal or general. Here’s how recovery can vary after flexible and rigid cystoscopy:

Flexible cystoscopy:

As discussed before, flexible cystoscopy is performed on an outpatient basis, and the patient can return home the same day after emptying the bladder.
You can resume your daily activities, including work, exercise, and sex, within a day of the surgery.
There are minimal to no side effects, which can be managed through ample fluid consumption and painkillers. Seek medical advice if symptoms worsen.

Rigid cystoscopy:

After a rigid cystoscopy, you might have to spend the night at the hospital. You’ll be discharged once the effect of anaesthesia wears off and you’re feeling better. You will be asked to empty your bladder before discharge.
Bring someone along, as you wouldn’t be allowed to drive for at least 24 hours.
The doctor will ask you to rest completely and take a couple of days off work.
Avoid drinking alcohol or driving for at least 24 hours after the procedure.
You can get back to your routine within a couple of days of the procedure and when you feel you’re able to.

Risks And Complications Of Cystoscopy

Here are a few risks of cystoscopy that you should be aware of:

Burning sensation: You might experience a burning sensation while urinating. This complication is short-lived and can be managed with medications. Try urinating more frequently than you generally do. Also, avoid holding your urine as it can cause the blood in your bladder to clot and lead to blockage.
Blood in the urine: This is another common complication associated with cystoscopy. It is more prevalent in cases of biopsy. You can manage bleeding by staying hydrated. If the bleeding is severe, get in touch with your healthcare provider immediately.
Infection: Although rare, infection is also a complication of cystoscopy. An infection may occur if germs enter the urinary tract. Symptoms such as fever, lower back pain, foul-smelling urine, and nausea indicate an infection. See your doctor to get an antibiotic treatment.

Some other complications include:

Very high and persistent fever (100.4 degrees F or above)
Persistent stomach ache
Clots or bright red blood in the urine.
Urinary retention- Inability to urinate despite feeling the urge to go.

Frequently Asked Questions

Does cystoscopy hurt?

Not really. In the case of flexible cystoscopy, the patient receives local anaesthetic, and a numbing anaesthetic gel is applied to the opening of the urethra to prevent any discomfort. In the case of rigid cystoscopy, the patients are sedated with general anaesthesia and remain asleep throughout the procedure.

When is cystoscopy performed?

The doctor might prescribe a cystoscopy to detect different bladder conditions, including enlarged prostate, blockages, and cancer. It is generally suggested if the patient:

Notices blood in the urine
Experiences frequent urinary tract infections
Has extreme pelvic pain
Has an overactive bladder

How long does it take to get cystoscopy results?

In some cases, patients receive the results shortly after the procedure. However, in cases of biopsies, patients have to wait for 2 to 3 weeks to get the final result.

Which doctor performs cystoscopy?

A cystoscopy is generally performed by a urologist, a doctor who specialises in diagnosing and treating diseases and conditions of the urinary system.

Does cystoscopy require a hospital stay?

It depends. Flexible cystoscopy is generally performed on an outpatient basis, and the patients can return home on the same day. However, the patients might have to stay in the hospital after a rigid cystoscopy.