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Hand and Wrist Surgery | Specialized Treatment for Pain Relief

Hand and wrist surgery, a specialized medical intervention, includes many procedures that address numerous diseases, injuries, and conditions. These surgeries become critical when conservative treatments such as medication or physical therapy fail to bring relief or restore function. The intricate structure of the hand and wrist, comprising numerous bones, tendons, ligaments, and nerves, necessitates these highly specialised surgical techniques. If you're suffering from a hand or wrist condition that impacts your daily life, don't hesitate to seek professional help. Contact Pristyn Care to consult with experienced doctors or book an appointment today.

Hand and wrist surgery, a specialized medical intervention, includes many procedures that address ... Read More

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What is Hand and Wrist Surgery?

Hand and wrist surgery comprises various surgical procedures designed specifically to address and treat injuries, diseases, or conditions that affect the hand and wrist. Because of the intricate structure of the hand and wrist, which includes numerous bones, tendons, ligaments, and nerves, these surgeries require specialised techniques. They are often necessary when other conservative treatments, like physical therapy or medication, are unable to alleviate pain or restore the hand’s function.

A skilled doctor performs these operations in an operation theatre (OT), making them typically an outpatient procedure. This means patients can return home on the same day as the surgery. Hand and wrist surgeries are generally safe procedures that greatly enhance quality of life by reducing pain, restoring movement, and improving overall hand function.

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What Are The Types Of Hand and Wrist Surgery?

The field of hand and wrist surgery encompasses several different types of procedures, each aimed at addressing specific issues. These include:

  • Carpal Tunnel Release: This procedure alleviates pressure on the median nerve in the wrist by cutting the transverse carpal ligament to create more space for the nerve.
  • Arthroscopic Surgery: Also known as ‘keyhole surgery’, this minimally invasive technique uses small incisions and specialised instruments to treat various conditions like ligament tears or joint issues.
  • Tendon Repair: This surgical technique addresses ruptured or severed tendons. It is often performed immediately after an injury to promote healing and restore function.
  • Joint Replacement Surgery (Arthroplasty): In cases of severe arthritis or joint damage, the affected joint may be replaced with an artificial one to relieve pain and improve mobility.
  • Dupuytren’s Contracture Surgery: This procedure treats a condition where the tissue under the skin of the palm thickens, causing fingers to bend. The surgery removes or releases the thickened tissue to restore finger movement.
  • Fasciotomy: Performed to relieve pressure in the arm or leg muscles, common in conditions like compartment syndrome. The fascia is cut to reduce pressure and restore blood flow.
  • Skin Graft Surgery: Mainly for reconstructive purposes, this surgery transplants healthy skin from another part of the body to cover areas where skin has been lost or damaged due to burns.
  • Ganglion Cyst Removal: Non-cancerous lumps that form on the wrist or hand are removed in this surgery if they cause pain or limit movement.
  • Wrist Fusion (Arthrodesis): This procedure fuses the bones in the wrist joint to relieve pain and provide stability, particularly in cases of severe arthritis or injury.
  • Trigger Finger Surgery: This procedure treats a condition where a finger gets stuck in a bent position due to tendon inflammation. The affected tendon is released during this surgery to restore normal movement.

Diagnosis Before Hand and Wrist Surgery

Before proceeding to hand and wrist surgery, it is crucial to diagnose the underlying condition responsible for the discomfort. In the case of arthritis affecting the hand and wrist, here are some tests that your doctor might perform:

  • Clinical Evaluation: The doctor will assess your symptoms, including any pain, swelling, stiffness, or reduced range of motion in your joints.
  • Physical Examination: The doctor will examine your joints for signs of inflammation, like tenderness and swelling. They will also check for deformities and evaluate your grip strength.
  • Imaging Studies: These include X-rays to identify joint damage, bone erosion, and alignment issues. In addition, doctors may use MRI or ultrasound to provide detailed views of soft tissues, including the synovium and tendons.
  • Laboratory Tests: Blood tests are often conducted to check for rheumatoid factors, anti-CCP antibodies, and inflammatory markers, aiding in the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

What Is The Procedure For Hand and Wrist Surgery?

Hand and wrist surgery can offer a significant improvement in quality of life for individuals suffering from arthritis. Here’s what you can expect:

  • Synovectomy: The inflamed synovial tissue is removed to reduce pain and improve joint function.
  • Arthrodesis (Wrist Fusion): This involves fusing the bones in the wrist to eliminate pain by creating a single, stable bone structure. This is often used for severe arthritis cases.
  • Arthroplasty or Total Wrist Replacement: Damaged joint surfaces are removed and replaced with artificial components. This procedure aims to relieve pain while preserving some joint movement.
  • Tendon Repair: If tendons are damaged, they may be repaired or replaced with healthy tendons from other areas to restore function.
  • Tenosynovectomy: This involves the removal of the inflamed tendon sheath to relieve pain and restore mobility.
  • Tendon Release: This procedure involves detaching ligaments to alleviate pain and improve movement.

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Who Is The Right Candidate For Hand and Wrist Surgery?

The decision to proceed with hand and wrist surgery primarily rests on the severity of your symptoms and their impact on your daily life. Generally, you may be considered for surgery if:

  • Severe Pain: Surgery becomes a consideration when you experience substantial pain that interferes significantly with your daily activities.
  • Inadequate Relief from Other Treatments: If pain medications or physical therapy have not provided satisfactory relief, surgery might be recommended.
  • Reduced Hand Function: If arthritis has significantly compromised your hand and wrist function, making routine tasks difficult, surgery can be seen as a viable option.

What Are The Benefits of Hand and Wrist Surgery?

Hand and wrist surgery can offer substantial benefits to individuals experiencing chronic pain, discomfort or impaired functionality. Here’s how this surgical intervention can enhance your life:

  • Pain Relief: This surgical procedure targets the root causes of pain; issues like damaged ligaments or compressed nerves are addressed, providing substantial relief from chronic discomfort.
  • Improved Functionality: Surgery aids in restoring stability and strength to your wrist and hand, thereby enhancing overall functionality. This allows you to perform daily tasks with increased ease.
  • Joint Preservation: Surgical techniques can repair and strengthen joints, potentially preventing further degeneration. This may also reduce the need for additional extensive surgeries in the future.
  • Prevention of Long-term Complications: Earlier surgical intervention can prevent chronic pain, joint deformities, and loss of function that untreated conditions can cause over time.

How To Prepare For Hand and Wrist Surgery?

Preparing for your hand and wrist surgery involves several key steps. Following these instructions can help ensure a more successful procedure:

  • Consultation: Begin by scheduling a thorough discussion with your hand surgeon to understand your condition, explore available treatment options, and discuss expected outcomes.
  • Medical Evaluation: Undergo necessary imaging studies like X-rays, MRIs, along with laboratory tests, to assess your condition’s extent. These evaluations will help determine the most effective surgical approach.
  • Preoperative Instructions: Adhere to any preoperative instructions provided by your surgeon. These instructions may include dietary restrictions, changes in medication intake, and arrangements for post-surgery care.

What Are The Recovery Tips and Precautions To Follow After Hand and Wrist Surgery?

Recovery after hand and wrist surgery can be a gradual process. Here are some key tips for a smooth recovery:

  • Follow-up Appointments: Attend all scheduled follow-up appointments with your surgeon. These visits are essential to monitor healing and address any concerns promptly.
  • Rest and Elevation: Keep the hand or wrist elevated as much as possible to reduce swelling and promote healing. Rest is vital, especially in the initial recovery phase.
  • Physical Therapy: Engage in the prescribed physical therapy to improve range of motion and strengthen your hand and wrist. This is crucial for regaining full function after surgery.
  • Pain Management: Use prescribed pain medications as directed by your doctor. Apply ice packs to manage swelling and discomfort.
  • Avoid Strain: Refrain from heavy lifting or strenuous activities until cleared by your surgeon. This will help avoid complications or setbacks in recovery.

Potential Risks Or Complications Associated With Hand and Wrist Surgery

Like any surgical procedure, hand and wrist surgery carries potential risks or complications that you should be aware of:

  • Infection: There could be a risk of infection at the incision site post-surgery.
  • Nerve Damage: Nerve injuries can lead to numbness, tingling, or weakness in the hand.
  • Stiffness: You may experience post-surgical stiffness in your hand or wrist, affecting your range of motion. Additional physical therapy might be needed to rectify this issue.

What Is The Cost Of Hand and Wrist Surgery In India?

Hand and wrist surgery is a broad domain that includes various types of procedures, each with its own set of complexities. The cost can be influenced by various factors, including:

  • Procedure Type: The complexity and type of the procedure significantly affect the cost. More intricate surgeries require more time, precision, and resources, increasing the overall cost.
  • Healthcare Facility: The cost can also fluctuate based on the healthcare facility chosen. Speciality hospitals in metropolitan cities may charge higher fees in comparison to smaller hospitals or those located in less urban areas.
  • Surgeon’s Expertise: Experienced surgeons who are recognised in their field may charge higher fees.

Is Hand And Wrist Surgery Covered Under Insurance?

Yes, hand and wrist surgeries are generally covered under health insurance policies in India. Coverage can provide significant financial relief for patients undergoing these surgical procedures. However, it’s crucial to remember that the terms and conditions around the coverage and claimable amount might differ for each policy.

Under the Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY), beneficiaries can avail themselves of health coverage up to ₹5 lakh per family per year for secondary and tertiary hospitalisation. This includes a wide range of surgical procedures encompassing various hand and wrist conditions.

However, expenses related to outpatient treatment are usually not covered under this scheme. Additionally, cosmetic surgeries or treatments and certain pre-existing conditions (which might have a waiting period of up to two years before coverage applies) are also excluded from coverage under this scheme. Thus, it’s advisable to consult your insurance provider or policy guidelines for precise details on inclusions and exclusions related to hand and wrist surgery coverage.

FAQs

1. What are the common conditions that might require hand and wrist surgery?

Hand and wrist surgery is often recommended for various conditions ranging from carpel tunnel syndrome, ganglion cysts, tendinitis, fractures to arthritis. Each of these conditions could potentially restrict hand and wrist functions, lead to severe pain, or cause deformities.

2. What role does physiotherapy play in recovery after hand and wrist surgery?

After hand and wrist surgery, physiotherapy plays a vital role in helping you regain strength, functionality and flexibility. A physiotherapist will guide you through exercises that aim to improve your range of motion, reduce stiffness and avoid future injuries.

3. How can I manage pain after hand and wrist surgery?

Post-surgery pain can be managed effectively with medications prescribed by your doctor. Additionally, gentle movement exercises under the supervision of a physiotherapist can help. In some cases, the application of cold packs may also be advised for temporary relief from pain.

4. Is it normal to experience numbness after hand and wrist surgery?

Yes, it’s normal to experience some amount of numbness immediately after hand and wrist surgery. This is typically because of the local anaesthesia used during the procedure. However, if numbness persists beyond a few weeks or is accompanied by severe pain or swelling, it is advisable to consult your doctor.

5. How long does it take to regain full functionality after hand and wrist surgery?

The recovery time after hand and wrist surgery varies depending on the complexity of the procedure and individual health conditions. Generally, it may take anywhere from a few weeks to several months for full functionality to be regained.

6. Are there any alternatives to hand and wrist surgery?

Surgery is usually recommended when other treatments, such as medications, injections, physical therapy or braces, have not provided sufficient relief. In such cases, surgery might be the best solution to restore function and alleviate pain.

7. Can I drive after my hand and wrist surgery?

Your ability to drive post-surgery depends on your recovery progress and the specific surgical procedure performed. In many cases, driving is not recommended until the full function of the hand and wrist is restored. Always consult your doctor before resuming driving.

8. What kind of anaesthesia will be used in a hand and wrist surgery?

The type of anaesthesia used can vary based on the specific hand or wrist procedure. This could range from local anaesthesia, which numbs a small area, to regional anaesthesia, which numbs a larger section, or even general anaesthesia, where you’re unconscious during the surgery.

9. Are follow-up appointments necessary after hand and wrist surgery?

Yes, follow-up appointments are critical after hand and wrist surgery. These allow the doctor to monitor your progress, adjust medications if needed, address any concerns you may have, and determine when you can return to regular activities.

10. Can I play sports after my hand and wrist surgery?

Yes, you can return to sports after your hand and wrist surgery once you have fully recovered and have obtained clearance from your doctor. However, it’s important to gradually reintroduce physical activity to avoid re-injury.

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