Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Surgery | Thyroid Removal Procedure

Who Is The Right Candidate For Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Surgery?

Endoscopic thyroidectomy is a less invasive option for treating certain thyroid conditions. However, it is not suitable for everyone. Here is how doctors determine whether a patient might be a good candidate for this surgery:

• Small Thyroid Nodules: Ideal candidates typically have small nodules that are suspicious or proven to be cancerous on biopsy.
• Absence of Large Goitre: Patients with large goitres or significantly overactive thyroid glands may not be suitable due to the complexity of the surgery.
• No Extensive Previous Neck Surgery: Individuals without significant scarring from previous surgeries in the neck area are preferred, as scar tissue can complicate the procedure.
• Overall Good Health: Being in generally good health with the ability to tolerate general anaesthesia is crucial for the minimally invasive approach.
• Cosmetic Concerns: Patients concerned about visible scarring from traditional thyroid surgery might be considered for this surgical approach for its cosmetic benefits.

Benefits Of Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Surgery

Endoscopic thyroidectomy offers numerous advantages over traditional thyroid surgery. This advanced surgical technique ensures effective treatment while minimising discomfort and recovery time. Below are the key benefits:

• Minimal Scarring: Small, strategically placed incisions, such as under the arm or inside the mouth, ensure that scars are hidden or hardly noticeable.
• Less Postoperative Pain: The minimally invasive nature of the procedure reduces tissue damage, leading to less pain after surgery.
• Faster Recovery: Patients typically recover quicker than from traditional open surgery, allowing them to return to daily activities sooner.
• Reduced Risk of Infection: Smaller incisions lower the chances of infections, which are more common in open surgeries.
• Improved Cosmetic Outcome: The procedure avoids visible neck scars, making it an ideal choice for those concerned about aesthetics.
• Precise Surgical Access: The endoscope provides a magnified view of the thyroid gland, enabling the surgeon to perform the procedure with greater precision.
• Lower Risk of Complications: The advanced technique reduces the risk of complications such as damage to surrounding tissues or structures.

How To Prepare For Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Surgery?

Proper preparation ensures a smooth surgical experience and recovery. Here is how to get ready for the endoscopic thyroidectomy procedure:

• Medical Evaluation: Attend all pre-surgery appointments. Your doctor will review your medical history, perform tests, and discuss the procedure.
• Discuss Medications: Inform your doctor about all medications, supplements, or herbal products you take. You may need to stop certain medications, such as blood thinners, a few days before surgery.
• Fasting Instructions: Avoid eating or drinking for at least 8 hours before the procedure to reduce risks associated with anaesthesia.
• Quit Smoking: If you smoke, stop well before the surgery. Smoking can delay healing and increase the risk of complications.
• Arrange Support: Arrange for someone to drive you home after the procedure and help during the first few days of recovery.
• Follow Pre-Surgery Instructions: Follow any specific instructions provided by your surgeon, such as showering with antibacterial soap on the morning of the surgery.
• Prepare Mentally: Ask questions and address any concerns with your doctor to feel confident and informed about the procedure.

Recovery Tips and Precautions To Follow After Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Surgery

After an endoscopic thyroidectomy surgery, proper care is essential to ensure a smooth recovery. Here are what to expect and some tips to help you recover:

What To Expect After Surgery:

• You may experience mild pain or discomfort around the incision site.
• Swelling and slight bruising can occur. However, they usually subside within a few days.
• Your doctor may recommend painkillers and antibiotics to manage symptoms and prevent infection.

Recovery Tips and Precautions:

1. Rest Adequately: Get plenty of rest for the first few days after surgery. Avoid strenuous activities to allow your body to heal.
2. Follow Medication Instructions: Take all prescribed medications as directed, including pain relief and thyroid hormone replacements if needed.
3. Care for the Incision Site: Keep the incision area clean and dry. Avoid touching it unnecessarily, and follow your doctor’s instructions for wound care.
4. Hydrate and Eat Soft Foods: Drink plenty of fluids and stick to a soft diet initially, as swallowing may feel uncomfortable after surgery.
5. Avoid Straining Your Neck: Refrain from lifting heavy objects or engaging in activities that strain the neck for at least two weeks.
6. Attend Follow-Up Appointments: Regular check-ups with your doctor are very important to monitor your healing and thyroid hormone levels.
7. Watch for Signs of Complications: Notify your doctor immediately if you notice signs of infection, such as redness, swelling, or fever, or if you experience difficulty breathing or swallowing.

Complications Associated With Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Surgery

While the endoscopic thyroidectomy procedure is generally safe, it does carry some risks and potential complications, as with any surgery. Here are some possible risks to consider:

1. Injury to Nearby Structures: The thyroid gland is located near the recurrent laryngeal nerve and parathyroid glands. Damage to these structures can cause temporary or permanent changes in voice or calcium levels.
2. Bleeding: Although rare, bleeding during or after the surgery may occur. This will require prompt medical attention.
3. Infection: Any surgical procedure carries the risk of infection. Proper wound care and antibiotics will help reduce this risk.
4. Scar Formation: While the surgery minimises visible scars, improper healing may cause scarring in some cases.
5. Temporary Hoarseness: Manipulation of the laryngeal nerve during surgery can cause hoarseness. This usually resolves within a few weeks.
6. Anaesthesia Reactions: Some patients may experience adverse reactions to general anaesthesia, including nausea or allergic responses.
7. Swelling or Bruising: Mild swelling or bruising near the incision sites is common. This typically resolves without intervention.

Cost Of Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Surgery In India

The cost of the endoscopic thyroidectomy procedure in India typically ranges between ₹75,000 and ₹90,000. This variation depends on several factors. Here are the factors that affect the cost:

1. Hospital and Location: The cost differs depending on the hospital’s reputation and the city in which the procedure is performed. Metropolitan cities are genrally costlier.
2. Surgeon’s Expertise: Surgeons with extensive experience and specialisation in endoscopic thyroidectomy may charge higher fees.
3. Extent of Surgery: Partial thyroid removal is less expensive than total thyroidectomy.
4. Additional Tests: Preoperative evaluations like imaging and blood tests add to the overall cost.
5. Hospital Stay and Facilities: The type of room and services chosen during the hospital stay also impact the cost.
6. Post-Surgery Medications: Medications for pain management and recovery can add to expenses.

Is Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Surgery Covered Under Insurance?

The cost of the endoscopic thyroidectomy procedure is often covered by health insurance, but this depends on the reason for the surgery. Insurance typically covers the procedure when it is deemed medically necessary, such as for treating thyroid cancer or severe thyroid disorders. 

However, if the surgery is performed for cosmetic reasons, it may not be eligible for coverage. Patients should review their insurance policy and consult their doctor to confirm coverage details, including any pre-approval requirements or exclusions.