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Vision Correction Surgery

Vision correction surgery has revolutionised the way we address vision impairment. By correcting refractive errors such as myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism, these surgeries are designed to enhance your visual acuity. With several types of eye surgery available to correct vision, our advisors at Pristyn Care can guide you in choosing the right procedure tailored to your specific needs. Experience the advantages of modern corrective procedures that offer quick recovery times and long-term solutions. Connect with the best ophthalmologists at Pristyn Care today, or book an appointment with us for a comprehensive eye check-up.

Vision correction surgery has revolutionised the way we address vision impairment. By correcting ... Read More

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What Is Vision Correction Surgery?

Vision correction surgery comprises a variety of surgical procedures aimed at improving visual acuity by rectifying refractive errors such as myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), and astigmatism. Such defects of vision and their correction focus primarily on reshaping your cornea – the clear frontal portion of your eye, enhancing how light focuses onto your retina.

Performed by an ophthalmologist, these surgeries are typically done on an outpatient basis meaning you can often return home the same day. Vision correction surgery is a reliable solution to improve your eyesight, effectively reducing or even eliminating your dependence on glasses or contact lenses. The procedure chosen depends largely on the condition and shape of your cornea and overall health of your eyes.

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What Are The Types Of Vision Correction Surgery?

Vision correction surgeries have evolved significantly over the years, offering various options customised to meet the unique needs of each patient:

  • LASIK (Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis): This popular refractive surgery involves creating a thin flap in the cornea using a laser or microkeratome, then reshaping the underlying corneal tissue with an excimer laser to correct vision. It is widely used for correcting myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism.
  • PRK (Photorefractive Keratectomy): PRK removes the cornea’s outer layer before reshaping its curvature using a laser. Unlike LASIK, it does not create a corneal flap and is often recommended for mild to moderate nearsightedness, farsightedness or astigmatism.
  • LASEK (Laser Epithelial Keratomileusis): A procedure that combines the principles of LASIK and PRK. LASEK uses an alcohol solution to create an epithelial flap, which is lifted before reshaping the cornea with a laser. Suitable for patients with thinner corneas who may not be eligible for LASIK.
  • Refractive Lens Exchange (RLE): Much like cataract surgery, RLE involves removing the eye’s natural lens and replacing it with an artificial intraocular lens. Ideal for patients with extreme refractive errors or those who are not candidates for LASIK.
  • Intacs: This procedure involves inserting small ring segments into the cornea to flatten it and improve vision. It is primarily used for treating keratoconus.
  • Phakic Intraocular Lens Implants: As part of this procedure a lens is implanted inside the eye without removing the natural lens. It is used for patients who are too nearsighted for LASIK or PRK.

SMILE (Small Incision Lenticule Extraction): A minimally invasive technique that uses a laser to create a small lens-shaped piece of tissue within the cornea, which is then removed through a tiny incision. Ideal for patients suffering from myopia and astigmatism.

Diagnosis Before Vision Correction Surgery

Before considering eye surgery to correct vision, a thorough diagnosis is conducted to understand the condition of the eyes and ascertain the defects of vision that require correction. Here are the steps involved in this extensive eye examination:

  • Gathering Patient History: The first step involves collecting information about past vision problems, any eye surgeries or conditions you’ve undergone, and a general medical history.
  • Conducting a Visual Acuity Test: This test uses an eye chart to assess how clearly you can see at various distances.
  • Performing Refractive Testing: Auto-refractometer testing and dilated refraction are two methods used to measure refractive errors. These tests help decide whether glasses or contacts can correct your vision, or if surgery is a more suitable option.
  • Measuring Corneal Dimensions: The shape and curvature of your cornea is mapped in detail through corneal topography. The thickness of the cornea is also measured to ensure there will be enough tissue left post-surgery.
  • Other Diagnostic Tests: Tonometer tests for glaucoma and a dry eye assessment to evaluate tear production and quality are also conducted.

Based on these tests, your ophthalmologist will determine whether you are suited for vision correction surgery.

Procedure for Vision Correction Surgery

Now, let’s understand the steps involved in conducting an eye surgery to correct vision. Here, we consider LASIK – a common type of vision correction surgery:

  • Preparation Phase: If you wear contact lenses, you’ll need to stop wearing them for a while before the surgery. This allows your cornea to return to its natural shape. You will be asked to sign a consent form after discussing the potential risks and benefits with your doctor.
  • Anaesthesia Application: Topical anaesthetic eye drops are administered to numb your eyes, making the procedure pain-free.
  • Creation of Corneal Flap: A thin flap is created in the cornea using a microkeratome or a femtosecond laser. This flap is carefully lifted to expose the cornea underneath.
  • Cornea Reshaping: An excimer laser is used to remove minute amounts of tissue from the cornea, thus correcting refractive errors. The laser follows pre-operative measurements taken during diagnostic tests.
  • Repositioning of Corneal Flap: After reshaping, the corneal flap is laid back in its place, where it naturally adheres without stitches.

Post-Operative Care: After surgery, you will be closely monitored and may be given certain post-operative instructions like applying prescribed eye drops and avoiding certain activities for a while.

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Candidates for Vision Correction Surgery

Determining if you’re a suitable candidate for vision correction surgery depends on several factors:

  • Severity of Vision Defect: Vision correction surgery is recommended only when the defects of vision (like myopia, hyperopia or astigmatism) are severe and cannot be effectively managed with glasses or contact lenses.
  • Ophthalmologist’s Evaluation: Based on comprehensive eye examination and diagnostic tests, your ophthalmologist will make an informed decision about whether you are an appropriate candidate for eye surgery.
  • Age and General Health: Your age and overall health are also taken into consideration before deciding on surgery.

Vision correction surgery can greatly enhance quality of life by addressing major vision defects. However, as with all surgical procedures, it’s vital that patients carefully consider their options and maintain an open dialogue with their eyecare professionals.

What Are The Benefits Of Vision Correction Surgery?

Vision correction surgery, such as LASIK, promises a brighter and clearer world for those who have been depending on glasses or contact lenses. Below are some key benefits:

  • Improved Vision: The success rate is impressively high, with more than 99% of patients noticing significant improvement. In fact, many patients achieve 20/20 vision or even better.
  • Quick and Painless Procedure: The actual surgical procedure is usually completed within 15 minutes and is performed with local anaesthesia through numbing eye drops, ensuring minimal discomfort.
  • Rapid Recovery: Most patients experience a dramatic improvement in vision shortly after the operation. Full recovery usually takes a few days.
  • Long-Lasting Results: The effects of LASIK are typically permanent, removing the constant reliance on glasses or contact lenses.

Cost-Effective Over Time: Although the initial cost might seem substantial, the elimination of ongoing expenses for eyewear makes LASIK a cost-effective solution in the long run.

How To Prepare For Vision Correction Surgery?

Preparation is key to successful vision correction surgery. Here are some essential steps to consider:

  • Consultation: Arrange for a comprehensive eye examination to determine your suitability for the procedure. Discuss your medical history and current medication with your doctor.
  • Stop Wearing Contacts: To allow your cornea to regain its natural shape, you will need to stop wearing contact lenses for one to two weeks before surgery.
  • Arrange Transportation: As you won’t be fit to drive immediately post-surgery, ensure you have someone to take you home.

Follow Pre-Surgery Instructions: Abide by any specific instructions from your surgeon, like avoiding eye makeup or lotions on the day of surgery.

What Are The Recovery Tips and Precautions To Follow After Vision Correction Surgery?

Just as with any surgical procedure, adequate post-operative care is crucial for optimal recovery. Here are some tips:

  • Rest Your Eyes: Give your eyes ample rest and avoid strenuous activities for at least a few days post-surgery.
  • Use Prescribed Eye Drops: As per your doctor’s instructions, utilise eye drops to curb dryness and promote healing.
  • Avoid Rubbing Your Eyes: Rubbing can disrupt the corneal flap created during LASIK, so exercise caution.
  • Limit Screen Time: To minimise eye strain, limit exposure to computer and phone screens in the initial recovery phase.
  • Wear Sunglasses Outdoors: Safeguard your eyes against bright light and UV rays by wearing sunglasses outdoors.

Attend Follow-Up Appointments: Regular visits to your eye doctor are essential to monitor healing and address any potential concerns.

Potential Risks Or Complications Associated With Vision Correction Surgery

Despite its high success rate, vision correction surgery does come with potential risks:

  • Dry Eyes: It’s common to experience temporarily dry eyes post-surgery, but this generally resolves over time with treatment.
  • Visual Disturbances: Some patients may encounter glare, halos around lights, or trouble seeing at night.
  • Undercorrection or Overcorrection: In some instances, the desired level of vision correction may not be achieved. This might warrant additional procedures.
  • Corneal Flap Complications: Issues related to the flap created during LASIK can occur, though these are rare.
  • Infection or Inflammation: As is the case with any surgical procedure, there’s a risk of infection or inflammation post-surgery.

Being aware of these factors will help individuals make informed decisions about undergoing vision correction surgery and prepare effectively for the procedure and recovery process.

FAQs

How do I choose the best doctor for eye surgery to correct vision?

Choosing the best doctor for your vision correction surgery is crucial. Look for an ophthalmologist who specialises in vision correction surgeries, has extensive experience, and holds a good repute. It is also advisable to take referrals from friends or family who have undergone such procedures.

Will my vision be perfectly corrected after the surgery?

The aim of any types of eye surgery to correct vision is to reduce your dependency on glasses or contact lenses optimally. However, perfect vision without any visual aids cannot be guaranteed due to individual variations and healing processes.

How long will the effects of vision correction surgery last?

The effects of most vision correction surgeries are generally long-lasting, often several years. However it depends on the type of surgery and the individual’s age at the time of operation. Also, as we age, our eyes can naturally change and develop new refractive errors.

Can vision correction surgery rectify all defects of vision?

Most common defects of vision such as myopia (short-sightedness), hypermetropia (long-sightedness), and astigmatism can be corrected using vision correction surgeries. However, presbyopia (age-related long-sightedness) and some complex eye conditions may not be completely corrected.

Are there any lifestyle changes needed after eye surgery to correct vision?

Post-operative lifestyle changes mainly include protecting your eyes from injury and sun exposure, maintaining good eye hygiene and having regular eye check-ups. However, these changes are not restrictive and most people return to their normal activities within a few days to weeks after surgery.

Are there any alternatives to vision correction surgery?

Yes, glasses and contact lenses are the traditional alternatives to surgery. Additionally, non-surgical procedures like orthokeratology (use of specially designed contact lenses that reshape the cornea) may also be considered.

What age is appropriate for vision correction surgery?

Most vision correction surgeries are advised for adults over the age of 18, only when the prescription has been stable for at least one year. However, certain conditions in children may warrant vision correction surgery on a case-to-case basis.

Can I undergo vision correction surgery if I have cataracts?

If you have cataracts, the surgeon will likely recommend a procedure which can correct both your refractive error and the cataract at the same time. This involves removing the cloudy lens (cataract) and replacing it with an artificial lens that corrects your vision.

Are the results of vision correction surgery immediate?

While some patients report clear vision within a few hours after surgery, others take several weeks or longer to recover their optimal visual acuity as the eyes adjust to the new condition.

Can I undergo vision correction surgery more than once?

In some cases, additional procedures can be performed if the original procedure didn’t provide optimal results or if your prescription changes significantly in future. However, this depends on many factors including the type of original surgery, your current eye condition, and healing response.

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